The Future of Cancer Diagnosis, Treatment and Surveillance: A Systemic Review on Immunotherapy and Immuno-PET Radiotracers

Immunotherapy is an effective therapeutic option for several cancers. In the last years, introduction of checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has shifted landscape in oncology and improved patient prognosis a variety neoplastic diseases. However, to date, selection best patients eligible these therapies, as well response assessment still challenging. Patients are mainly stratified using immunohistochemical analysis expression antigens on biopsy specimens, such PD-L1 PD-1, tumor cells, peritumoral immune cells and/or microenvironment (TME). Recently, use development imaging biomarkers able assess in-vivo cancer-related processes becoming more important. Today, positron emission tomography (PET) with 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose ([18F]FDG) used routinely evaluate metabolism, also predict monitor immunotherapy. Although highly sensitive, FDG-PET general rather unspecific. Novel radiopharmaceuticals (immuno-PET radiotracers), identify specific system targets, under investigation pre-clinical clinical settings better highlight all mechanisms involved this review, we will provide overview main new immuno-PET radiotracers development. We review players (immune molecular targets) Furthermore, report current applications evidence [18F]FDG PET immunotherapy, including artificial intelligence (AI).